Water: Ice & Ocean
1. Global Ice-Ocean Prediction System (GIOPS)
Description:
GIOPS delivers daily global analyses and 10-day forecasts of sea ice and ocean conditions. The system outputs data on a 0.2° regular latitude-longitude grid covering the global ocean (north of 80° S) and a 5 km resolution north-polar stereographic grid focusing on the Arctic and adjacent sub-polar regions. Data is available at 50 depth levels, providing comprehensive vertical profiles of ocean parameters.
Available Variables:
Sea Ice Variables:
Sea Ice Area Fraction: Proportion of the grid cell covered by sea ice.
Sea Ice Divergence: Rate of change of sea ice area.
Sea Ice Shear Strain Rate: Deformation rate of sea ice.
Ocean Variables:
Potential Temperature: Temperature of seawater adjusted for pressure.
Salinity: Concentration of salt in seawater.
Zonal and Meridional Velocity Components: Eastward and northward components of ocean current velocity.
Sea Surface Height: Elevation of the sea surface relative to a reference level.
Mixed Layer Depth: Depth of the ocean layer with uniform temperature and salinity.
Potential AI/ML Applications:
Developing models for sea ice extent and thickness prediction.
Analyzing ocean circulation patterns and their impact on climate.
Forecasting marine environmental conditions for navigation and fisheries management.
2. Regional Ice-Ocean Prediction System (RIOPS)
Description:
RIOPS provides 48-hour forecasts of sea ice and ocean conditions four times daily on a 1/12° resolution grid (approximately 3-8 km). It focuses on regional scales, offering detailed insights into specific areas of interest.
Available Variables:
Sea Ice Variables:
Sea Ice Concentration: Fraction of area covered by sea ice.
Sea Ice Volume: Volume of sea ice per unit area.
Sea Ice Velocity Components: Eastward and northward velocities of sea ice movement.
Snow Volume on Sea Ice: Volume of snow atop sea ice per unit area.
Sea Ice Surface Temperature: Temperature at the surface of sea ice or snow.
Ocean Variables:
Potential Temperature: Temperature of seawater adjusted for pressure.
Salinity: Concentration of salt in seawater.
Velocity Components: Eastward and northward components of ocean current velocity.
Sea Surface Height: Elevation of the sea surface relative to a reference level.
Turbocline Depth: Depth of the layer with maximum turbulence.
Mixed Layer Depth: Depth of the ocean layer with uniform temperature and salinity.
Potential AI/ML Applications:
Enhancing short-term regional sea ice forecasts for maritime operations.
Modeling localized oceanographic phenomena such as upwelling.
Supporting search and rescue operations with precise sea ice and ocean current data.
3. Coastal Ice-Ocean Prediction System (CIOPS)
Description:
CIOPS is a high-resolution forecasting system tailored for coastal regions, providing detailed analyses and forecasts of sea ice and ocean conditions. It aims to support coastal navigation, resource management, and environmental monitoring.
Available Variables:
Sea Ice Variables:
Sea Ice Concentration: Fraction of area covered by sea ice.
Sea Ice Thickness: Vertical thickness of sea ice.
Sea Ice Velocity: Speed and direction of sea ice movement.
Ocean Variables:
Sea Surface Temperature: Temperature at the ocean surface.
Salinity: Concentration of salt in seawater.
Currents: Speed and direction of ocean currents.
Sea Level Anomalies: Deviations of sea level from the mean.
Potential AI/ML Applications:
Predicting coastal sea ice conditions to aid in navigation and infrastructure planning.
Monitoring and forecasting coastal erosion and sediment transport.
Assessing the impact of environmental changes on coastal ecosystems
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